Term Paper Format Options

Term Paper Format Options The New Fuss About Term Paper Format It is quite possible for lots of students to be aware of the way they will want their term papers to look like. The MLA format stipulates the vital guidelines for effectively writing an essay based on the MLA standards. The scholars are subjected to some intellectual roadblock that might be not a really favorable issue to remain in. The editors practices the various requirements and legislation according to they advanced schooling. The Importance of Term Paper Format Think if it is going to bring you anywhere as you write your term paper. The paper will most likely be sent punctually. Much like an essay, your research paper demands a hook. The very first and perhaps the most crucial step towards writing an incisive and inquisitive term paper is choosing the subject of the expression paper. From a good example term paper you can find out many vital things. The introduction can readily be the previous portion of the paper. The materials you will utilize to compose the expression paper will equally be on things which you had researched over quite a long time. Have a look at examples of such works to comprehend how to write them and what style you ought to use for formatting them. Reading through two or three such samples allow you to comprehend the principal guidelines for term paper writing. Work is performed under various Subjects each headed by means of a Referee. If you wish to understand what a Term Paper format is or are seeking an original, high standard Term Paper format on the internet, you may locate an answer here. Basically, APA format is utilized in the social sciences. however, it isn't just confined to social sciences alone. It is popular among students due to its simple guidelines and approach. It will help you to organize your paper well. Term paper format is an important part of term paper projects. Pick the variant which you like the most to fulfill the necessities of the 10 page research paper outline format. A rigid format ought to be used especially if you're required to hand in your outline. The expression paper format is additionally a universal standard for most academic papers and the rules and regulations must be considered. The format of your cover page may will also be based on the paper format which you're expected to use. There are some tips on how to compose your abstract but the very best advice is that you look at some journals applicable to your research and attempt to format your abstract in a similar way. You can look for recent documents or old ones that were archived. You are going to receive a list of sites where you could pick and select the job that you always desired. Exactly like in books advertised online, only certain parts of the paper is going to be exposed. Others understanding exactly the same essay probably have an extra viewpoint positi on. Acquiring research paper is a normal trend that's catching up throughout the world. The thesis statement functions as the focus of your paper. Sooner or later, you are going to find that the entire research paper examples can help you start and get you moving in the correct direction for you to accomplish the greatest possible mark you're able to. The outline will reflect your aims and the stream of the entire term paper. There are lots of paper templates to select from, but a lot of the time your instructor will require a particular format for the entire class to follow. All papers need to have a title page which comprises the next. You've got to compose several academic papers over the duration of a year. What to Expect From Term Paper Format? Writing a term paper might seem a tough task till you discover its key components and make an outline. Then establish who will become your target audience and produce the content of the paper related to them. It's true that y ou could just begin writing, but even in the event you get to the word or page requirement, your paper would probably lack any type of logical flow. Remember a transition sentence at the conclusion of each paragraph makes a paper that flows logically and isn't hard to read. Get the Scoop on Term Paper Format Before You're Too Late If you're thinking that you require a person to compose my essay at this time, you can just rely on our honest reviews. You might also state which type of approach it is that you will use in your paper for the full discussion of your topic. There are several things which you are going to have to do with the topic. If you intend to write for a particular journal, a great advice is to look at the research paper outline of a number of the articles to have a better idea about how to compose your article. The History of Term Paper Format Refuted Read my essay writing service reviews and my guide to selecting the ideal service for everything you want to understand about how to pick the best writing businesses. It's especially vital regardless of the simple fact that compiling study reports that is presented to the majority of term paper writing service people as a wide range of won't be prepared to know troublesome wording. Harness our service if you're interested in composing documents for money. A student attempting to find quality monetary research newspapers should visit a little business having a specific excellent reputation on submitting its work. Life, Death and Term Paper Format An excellent engineering term paper is supposed to spell out the intention behind the discipline and the significance of the activities of engineers for the maturation of the human civilization. If you don't understand how to perform the assigned work correctly, you could always visit our blog at Pro-Papers and find a few practical recommendations. Before you start the training, you want to make sure the material are in fact obtained inside the legitimate providers. The very best training composing program are readily available to finish your assignments. It is preferable to have several sources so that you would have many distinctive parts of information to select from. When you put in your search term, you can exclude certain words in order for your search results are somewhat more accurate. You must fit all of the information that you have into only ten pages. It's a good idea to write down the information regarding the sources you're using for the reference list. Studies demonstrate that altruism might be divided to two key types, aBiological altruisma together with aReciprocal altruisma. Study writing in a lot of instances is bewildered to essay producing although the two might not be identical in addition to their different types have to become fully understood to provide the preferred outcomes. In case you haven't any yet, then it is going to be better for you to hunt for any examples and samples of wo rks to fully grasp the way the work needs to be completed and formatted. Anyone who's reading your example of a research paper will want in order to replicate your study effortlessly. The Hidden Truth About Term Paper Format Writing a research paper is as critical as performing the true research or experiment itself and can seem to be an extremely daunting endeavor. Psychology term paper topic isn't something which will be decided in one day. Pay for thesis on the internet is the trusted system around the world. All college students must compose a term paper at the conclusion of a semester.

All Quiet On The Western Front - 982 Words

There is not as much symbolism shown throughout the text â€Å"All quiet on the western front† to show the effects of war too. However, Kermerich’s boots provide a symbol for the certain attitude a soldier would require – detaching their emotions only to act as an emotionless object that follows orders to reduce the effects of war inflicted on the soldiers. Each Solider (including Kemmerich) who took them from dead air pilot) dies when owning these boots. Therefore, it could be argued that the boots are worth more to people than a human life – Aslan argues that this represents the shallowness of society at the time of World War One. The audience is able to see how characters can become selfish for their own survival. A large majority of ‘Regeneration’ is told from the actual participation in war from patients who took part in World War One (But not from their voices) that consists of horrific insights into the implications of war. Sassoon also had seen to be having some hallucinations that were brought up at the start of the play. With the time being written being very important and when Sassoon said that he had seen, â€Å"corpses, men with half their faces shot off, crawling across the floor†. This is a very graphic depiction of how war was, unlike ‘Journeys End’. Furthermore, Sassoon also references one time where he â€Å"nodded off on a bench† and, â€Å"when I woke up, the pavement was covered in corpses†, â€Å"old†¦black† which helps to create an atmosphere and images into theShow MoreRelatedAll Quiet of the Western Front756 Words   |  3 PagesPlot Summary: All Quiet on the Western Front Written by Erich Maria Remarque, All Quiet on the Western Front is the tale of a young man by the name of Paul. Paul who is nineteen years old gathers several of his friends from school and together they voluntarily join the army fighting for the Axis alliance. Before they are sent off into actual battle, they are faced with the brutal training camp. Along with this they face the cruelty of the life of a soldier. This made them question the reason forRead MoreAll Quiet on the Western Front700 Words   |  3 PagesThe greatest war novel of all time, All Quiet on the Western Front, by Erich Maria Remarque, is a novel that depicted the hardships of a group of teenagers who enlisted in the German Army during World War 1. Enlisting right out of high school forced the teens to experience things they had never thought of. From the life of a soilder on the front line to troubles with home life, war had managed to once again destroy a group of teenagers. Throughout the novel, we saw the men of the Second CompanyRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1797 Words   |  8 PagesTitle: All Quiet on the Western Front Creator: Erich Maria Remarque Date of Publication: 1929 Class: War Novel Anecdotal Information about Author: -Erich Maria Remarque was conceived on 22 June 1898 into a working people family in the German city of Osnabrà ¼ck to Peter Franz Remark (b. 14 June 1867, Kaiserswerth) and Anna Maria (nà ©e Stallknecht; conceived 21 November 1871, Katernberg). -During World War I, Remarque was recruited into the armed force at 18 years old. On 12 June 1917, heRead MoreAll Quiet on the Western Front943 Words   |  4 Pages The book All Quiet on the Western Front, by Erich Maria Remarque, is about a group of 19 year old young men who are changed by the ways of war. There is paul: the main character; Tjaden: a tall, skinny locksmith, also the biggest eater; Albert Kropp: a lance-corporal and the clearest thinker; Muller: studious, intelligent, and likes school; Leer: has a preference for the girls from the prostitution houses and has a beard; Haie Westhus: a peat-digger, and big in size; Deterring: a peasant, he alwaysRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front2393 Words   |  10 PagesAll Quiet on the Western Front: Book Review Erich Maria Remarque, author of All Quiet on the Western Front, actually fought in WWI (Remarque 297). Because of this, he was able to write this book with accurate depictions of the war. He writes how being in combat can really take a toll on a person and affect them in a negative way. He also writes of the pain and suffering that the soldiers must cope with that comes along with living in constant fear and danger. When looking at the title of theRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front2085 Words   |  9 PagesThis essay will consider the different effects created by Erich Maria Remarque in his novel All Quiet on the Western Front. As a writer, Remarque unknowingly left his novel open to readers with completely different perspectives, and to various forms of criticism. This undoubtedly meant that every single reader had been affected by the novel in many different ways which unfortunately for Remarque may have been an effect that he never intended. This essay is divided into 5 main sections. Firstly itRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1089 Words   |  5 Pages In Erich Maria Remarque’s novel, All Quiet on the Western Front, human nature is the only abstract periphery between belligerent barbarism and justifiable violence. Through the insipid bombardments that rained shells over the Germans’ heads and noxious implementation of mustard gas, Remarque dexterously misleads the reader into believing that he fights in an apathetic war where all remnants of human nature and identity have been destroyed with the introduction of trench warfare. Through Paul Baumer’sRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1509 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"He fell in October 1918, on a day that was so quiet and still on the whole front, that the army report confined itself to a single sentence: All quiet on the Western Front† (Remarque 296). Paul Baumer, the narrator of All Quiet on the Western Front, enlisted into the German army at a young age of nineteen with a group of friends from school. Kantorek, Paul’s teacher, â€Å"gave us long lectures until the whole of our class went, under his shepherding, to the District Commandant and volunteered† (RemarqueRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1129 Words   |  5 PagesIn Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front, soldiers at the front have a better idea than civilians of the true n ature of war because they have experienced the war while civilians have only read about it or listened to government propaganda. Remarque is trying to tell us that only those who experience the war can understand how awful war truly is. In All Quiet on the Western Front, the main character Paul goes back to his home, the people he meets still think that the Germans are winningRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1790 Words   |  8 Pagessmell of cigar smoke, gunpowder, and dirt that filled the air. There was no nationalism; all Paul wanted was survival. World War I was supposed to be about nationalism and the propaganda forced upon the soldiers to feel superiority over other countries, but Paul helps to prove otherwise, as his story tells what is was like to be at the front, and how tough it was to be a soldier. â€Å"All Quiet on the Western Front† portrays war as it was actually experienced, replacing the romantic picture of glory and

Aspects of Tragedy in Barttleby by Herman Melville Essay Example For Students

Aspects of Tragedy in Barttleby by Herman Melville Essay (1870)Composition IIJuly 14th, 2003Herman Melvilles short story Bartleby the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street depicts the final days of a law writer or scrivener and the metamorphosis that takes place within his last employer. The story begins with the lawyer/narrator giving a description of himself, his office, and his three employees: Turkey, Nipper, and Ginger-Nut the errand boy. While I describe the story that I will introduce you with, I will describe anagnorisis, one aspect of tragedy. The lawyer then begins to explain how Bartleby first came into his office. After receiving the office of Master in Chancery the lawyer decided to hire another employee, Bartleby. He begins work and initially appears to be a perfect employee in contrast to Turkey and Nipper who are in opposite cycles with one another and are only effective for one half of the day. Bartleby is efficient and diligent and consistently turns in neat work. However, when he is first asked to do something outside of his screen walls he states, I would prefer not to. The more that is asked of Bartleby the more he prefers not to do. The lawyer becomes more confused with each refusal. At first he attempts to coerce Bartleby into submission by getting the other employees to gang-up on him. He then tries to understand Bartlebys point of view. He begins to make excuses for Bartleby. One example of this is when the scrivener finally refuses to do any work including the copying duties he once performed. The lawyer tries to reason that Bartlebys eyesight is failing because of his previous industrious behavior. After Bartleby had been employed by the lawyer for a short while, the lawyer-narrator made another shocking discovery. Stopping by his office one Sunday morning the lawyer discovered that Bartleby had taken up residence in his office. The next morning the lawyer confronts Bartleby in an attempt to gain some insight into the situation. However, once again Bartleby is uncooperative and refuses to answer any questions the lawyer poses. In response to the lawyers pleas he simply says, At present I would prefer not to be a little reasonable.The following day Bartleby decides to give up copying altogether. At this point the lawyer dismisses him and leaves his earnings of twelve dollars plus twenty dollars in severance pay. But, the next morning Bartleby still remains in his office the following day. The lawyer finally decides that the only way to rid himself of Bartleby is to relocate. Here we find anagnorisis trought the whole story because remember that anagnorisis is in literature, espe cially Greek tragedy, the principal characters discovery or acknowledgment of some fact that leads to the resolution of the plot. And, we see how Barttleby unfold his character in this story together with the acknowledgement of some facts that leads to the resolution of this story. Upon returning to his office the lawyer finds a message that the authorities have been called in response to Bartlebys vagrancy and he has been arrested. The lawyer-narrator immediately goes to visit Bartleby in the Tombs. Bartleby refuses to acknowledge the visit beyond saying, I know you, and I want nothing to say to you. The lawyer leaves pausing only long enough to give the proclaimed grub-man some silver to make sure that Bartleby is well fed while in prison. When the lawyer returns soon after he finds Bartleby in the same courtyard that he first found him near the same wall that had previously captivated his attention. But, this time Bartleby is dead. .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce , .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .postImageUrl , .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce , .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce:hover , .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce:visited , .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce:active { border:0!important; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce:active , .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff6aaa6859795b92c9e99c077c1a07ce:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nelson Mandela EssayMelville concludes his story by telling that it is rumored that before becoming a scrivener Bartleby was employed in the Dead Letter Office in Washington. He compares Bartlebys apparent hopelessness throughout the tale to the letters which on errands of life, speed to death. This is not meant to give a definite reason for Bartlebys actions but is meant to lend itself to a possible interpretation of Bartlebys motives for shutting down. Anagnorisis is also present trough the whole story and that is why I describe the resolution. We know that Barttleby discovers the resolution of the story because he is the main character.

Toshiba Essay Research Paper Paula DeanApril 27 free essay sample

Toshiba Essay, Research Paper Paula Dean April 27, 2000 Strategic Management Case Study Toshiba: The Future is Theirs In 1875 Hisashige Tanaka established Tanaka Seizo-sho, Japan # 8217 ; s first maker of telegraphic equipment. The company thrived for over 60 old ages as an independent entity. In 1890, Hakunetsu-sha A ; Co. , Ltd, was founded. It was Japan # 8217 ; s first fabrication installation of electric incandescent lamps. Then in 1939, the two companies merged to go Tokyo Shibaura Denki. They were now an electric equipment maker. The company # 8217 ; s repute was established quickly and they shortly became known merely as Toshiba. They made this official with the name alteration to Toshiba in 1978. Throughout the company # 8217 ; s long life there have been many major innovations that have guaranteed them a topographic point in history. Among these are the undermentioned universe # 8217 ; s number ones: 1. 1967 # 8212 ; first automatic nothing codification reader 2. 1970 # 8212 ; first colour picture phone 3. 1986 # 8212 ; first laptop personal computing machines 4. 1995 # 8212 ; developed high-density optical phonograph record, DVD They have remained successful for many old ages because of their ability to remain on top of the universe of engineering. We will write a custom essay sample on Toshiba Essay Research Paper Paula DeanApril 27 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is no little effort. Numerous companies have been lost because of a quickly altering engineering market that most were unable to maintain up with the gait. With a sketch of innovations crossing more than 120 old ages, a solid fiscal history and their position of being a transnational corporation, where does Toshiba travel from here? Can they go on to maintain up the gait of the yesteryear with the engineering market altering more each and every twenty-four hours? What can they make to keep their current degree of success without compromising their values and committedness to the planetary society? To sum up all these inquiries: What # 8217 ; s following for Toshiba? Before looking at what the following measure should be for Toshiba, it is necessary to analyze what the drive forces behind the operation and all its determinations are. For them, The Basic Commitment is this force. In 1990 this Commitment was formulated as a # 8220 ; statement of direction philosophy. # 8221 ; Every direction determination made is done so by the counsel set Forth in the Basic Commitment, which follows: We, the Toshiba Group companies, based on our entire committedness to people and to the hereafter, are determined to assist make a higher quality of life for all people, and to make our portion to assist guarantee that advancement continues within the universe community Committedness to People We endeavor to function the demands of all people, particularly our clients, stockholders, and employees, by implementing advanced corporate schemes while transporting out responsible and antiphonal concern activities. As good corporate citizens, we actively contribute to foster the ends of society. Committedness to the Future By continually developing advanced engineerings centre on the Fieldss of electronics and energy, we strive to make merchandises and services that enhance human life, and which lead to a thriving, healthy society. We invariably seek new attacks that help recognize the ends of the universe community, including ways to better the planetary environment. When measuring a mission statement, there are nine indispensable constituents that should be present to turn out its effectivity. Toshiba # 8217 ; s Basic Commitment includes all nine and so some ; hence, it is appropriate to state that Toshiba has a clear thought of who they are and what they # 8217 ; re making. Another cardinal factor in the concern universe today, is to cognize what your existent market is. Toshiba is active in diverse concern Fieldss, each with its ain alone features and markets. With this in head, the markets referred to from this point on will be their two largest and most profitable: Energy and Electronics. For most big companies, domestic markets, while cardinal to their constitution, are merely a little piece of the image. Globalization is the current tendency and with engineering the manner it is, it is certain to be the manner of the hereafter. While many companies are merely now get downing to spread out into the planetary market place, Toshiba has already established itself worldwide. Toshiba has subordinates and joint ventures throughout the universe. They have a strong presence in Europe, Asia and the Americas. For case, in the United States entirely, Toshiba America employs 1000s of people and has eight separate divisions. When you consider that this is merely one of the many states that they are present in, this demonstrates their strong ability to vie and last in the planetary market place. When you consider the quickly altering market in which Toshiba participates, set uping itself as a transnational participant is of the extreme importance. If they had small presence in the planetary market place, their inventions would take longer to make the consumers and the opportunity of person else developing a similar merchandise would be greater. By being established in assorted states throughout the universe, they are able to market their new merchandises instantly and be the first. This is another cardinal point. While others may follow suit and come up with replacement or look-alike merchandises, people know that Toshiba was the original. The fact that they have a good quality repute increases their opportunities of being the trade name that people are willing to seek with respect to a new merchandise. Now that we know the history, mission and markets for Toshiba, what about the company construction itself? In April of 1999, Toshiba underwent a immense restructuring transforming from a traditional hierarchical/functional construction to that of a divisional construction. They really have used a combination of assorted divisional constructions throughout the full company. In Japan, the divisional construction is by merchandise with a separate construction for corporate central offices. In their abroad markets, they are structured foremost by geographic country and so by merchandise line. This has proven to be really effectual for them in many ways. Now the person divisions have autonomy which allows for maximization of communicating and the ability to react even faster to the alterations in their several markets. For Toshiba as a whole, this has allowed them to place precisely which products/divisions are executing the best with respect to their net income borders and overall growing. By placing these job countries, Toshiba has been able to develop a Medium-term Business Plan for FY 2000 to 2002. This new program involves # 8220 ; drawing back from slow-growth concerns and concentrate the electronics giant on faster-growing countries, including semiconducting materials, computing machine systems and Internet related services # 8221 ; ( Guth, A12 ) . While there are some reverberations to the program such as the proclamation of the 6 % work force decrease in Japan, the overall benefit to the company will warrant this retrenchment. Toshiba is be aftering on disbursement more than $ 3.3 billion on this program per twelvemonth. While this sum seems instead big, when one takes into consideration the possible wagess for the company, it is simply a necessary disbursal. The continued endurance of Toshiba is hinged upon its ability to vie in the fast-paced engineering market which means concentrating more on these markets than those with small alteration from twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours, such as their domestic contraption lines. These countries, while good established and profitable, do non necessitate as much R A ; D as do the merchandise lines of the digital and technological universes. Upon measuring Toshiba through a SWOT analysis, it is easy to understand why the 125-year-old company is still a major force in the concern universe. Strengths 1. Repute 2. Advanced 3. Global market-share 4. Ability to maintain gait with fast-changing engineering market Failings 1. Assetss tied up in slow growing countries 2. Technology industry is so fast paced Opportunities 1. Increase per centum of planetary market portion 2. Technology going more platitude in the place # 8212 ; more clients 3. Internet market Menaces 1. Increased competition in engineering industry 2. Fast-paced alterations in engineering 3. Slower growing countries using valuable resources Toshiba is a strong company and happening many failings proved to be a really hard undertaking. They know what needs to be done and they do it. With all of the predating information in head, I have formulated some ideas/recommendations that I feel would turn out good to the company. The first of these is to go on with their new concern program. By liberating up assets that can be used to increase gross revenues in turning market topographic points, the consequences could be astronomical net incomes for them. The 2nd is to look for more joint ventures that can increase their market place in current markets. By fall ining with other similar companies, they are cut downing their competition while bettering their ain net incomes. My concluding recommendation is one that involves a topic that was non antecedently covered in this paper, but instead 1 that is from my ain perception/experience. This would be to increase their selling in the United States. The sum of commercials that I have either seen or heard for Toshiba since the origin of this merchandise is zero. While a good repute is a solid base, in a state with as many picks between consumer merchandises as the U S has, advertisement is a necessity for success. In decision, Toshiba has been a major force in the engineering industry for many old ages. The hereafter will be no different. They are a well-established, quality oriented company that will non halt until they are NUMBER 1 in all that they do. Toshiba will be here through our life-time and that of our grandchildren if they continue to run the manner they do today. Their encapsulated direction doctrine is the best manner to depict Toshiba: Committed to Peoples, Committed to the Future. Toshiba. Mentions Guth, Robert A. # 8220 ; Toshiba Plans Strategic Shift to Fast Growth # 8221 ; The Wall Street Journal. February 17, 2000. Pp. A12 and A16. www.toshiba.com Nishiroga, Haitzo. E-mail correspondence

Essay on Personal and Professional Development in Health and Social Care part 3

Essay on Personal and Professional Development in Health and Social Care part 3 Essay on Personal and Professional Development in Health and Social Care part 3 Essay on Personal and Professional Development in Health and Social Care part 3Essay on Personal and Professional Development in Health and Social Care part  2In this regard, I believe the protection of rights of employees is very important, especially in the health and social care environment. In the course of my work, I did my best to maximize my effectiveness in promoting and supporting the rights of employees working in my work place. First of all, I monitored policies and practices conducted in my organisation to understand what the organisation expects from its employees. After that, I revised existing legislation concerning employment relations focusing on the health and social care environment in particular. The next step in my professional development and protection of employee rights was the communication with my colleagues. I attempted to find out whether they have any problems and whether they are aware of their rights or not. I found out that employees are aware of the ir rights and I shared what I learned about employee rights with them. In such a way, I informed them of recent changes in legal norms concerning employment relations. In addition, I launched the weblog, where I attempted to collect and publish information related to the employment legislation. In such a way, I believe my effectiveness in the protection of the employment rights was high. At any rate, I did my best to raise the awareness of my colleagues of the importance of employment relations.At the same time, I found out several ways to resolve issues that arise in the course of employment relations in the health and social care environment. First of all, the resolution of issues that may arise in the employment relations normally involve the close communication and interaction between employees and managers or employer. In such a situation, if a problem arises, an employee can report to the manager or employer and ask for the resolution of the issue. The manager should respond t o the issue. At this stage, the possible conflict may be resolved even without its expansion and involvement of more professionals.Another way to tackle issues that arise in the course of employment relations is the involvement of the board, which ahs to make a decision on the particular employment issue, if an employee and a manager cannot come to agreement. In such a situation, the board has to evaluate the dispute and take the decision to resolve the issue.In addition, there is the option, when an employee can file a lawsuit against the organisation, if the employee believes his/her rights have been violated by the organisation. In such a case, the conflicting party can settle the case before the trial, when the employer offers a plausible solution which the employee accepts (Hill, 2006). If parties come to agreement before the case, the settlement accomplishes and resolves the employment issue. If the parties cannot come to agreement and refuse to settle the case, it is the cour t that takes decision to resolve the issue on the ground of existing legal norms.Moreover, there is another option to resolve employment issue. This option involves the collective action. For instance, a union of health care professionals can launch the industrial action against the employer, if employees consider their rights being violated by the employer. In such a case, unions can set their requirements and the employer has the option of either accept or reject their requirements or change policies to settle the case with unions. Alternatively, unions can file the lawsuit or start a strike to protect their rights and interests.Task 4Limits of my work have a considerable impact on work of other professionals in my work place. In fact, I can perform my functions only within those duties and role which I have to perform. In such a situation, I have certain limitations but they are reasonable because I am not qualified in social care for example. Therefore, if I overcome existing li mitations and interfere into the work of social workers, I would deteriorate the organisational performance because social workers are more qualified on social care than I do. In such a context, the limits of my work are essential. On the other hand, the limits of my work impose boundaries which I cannot overcome, even if I want to or have to. For example, I worked with a client, who definitely needed social care services but I lacked social care skills to provide him with required social care. At the same time, I was not qualified to send him to social workers to receive the social care services which he apparently required. In this regard, I could only recommend him referring to social workers to look for their assistance and to resolve his problems.At the same time, I did my best to eliminate barriers between me and my colleagues. I tried to become a part of the team. I used my communication skills successfully to establish positive interpersonal relationships with my colleagues. As a result, I have managed to develop friendly relationships with many of my colleagues and we worked effectively together. My colleagues often shared their experience with me to help me to tackle problems and difficulties that I encountered in the course of my work. Such cooperation with my colleagues was very helpful for me, while the team spirit was very strong since we have managed to work together successfully and performed well as a team, although our qualification and experienced differed substantially.I believe my contribution in our team work was also important because I focused on the enhancement of the effective partnership and cooperation with my colleagues. I understood clearly my role and duties and performed them well. I also tried to help my colleagues but I did not interfere in their work, unless it was a part of my duties and matched my role.My experience has contributed to my professional development. While working in a team, I have learned how important it is t o focus on specific functions and not to interfere into the work of other people, if it is not a part of your duties. Each team member should be fully responsible for his/her own part of the team work and assist other team members, only if they ask about it.On the other hand, I believe that I could perform better, if I had better developed organisational skills. In fact, I am fully aware of the fact that my poor organisational skills made some of my team mates irritated and in several instances they had to do my job because I just had not enough time to do all the job I planned. In fact, I could improve my performance and team work, if I had better developed organisational skills.In such a situation, I could suggest some recommendations concerning my further professional and personal development. First, I would focus on the development of my organisational skills which are really essential in the health and social care environment (Pinkerton, 2000). Second, I would keep using the fu ll potential of my communication skills because they help to maintain positive interpersonal relations with my colleagues and clients. In addition, I would also recommend to develop closer interaction with professionals working in different fields. What is meant here is the fact that I would focus on the closer collaboration with social workers, because I lack competence in the field of social care so far. Hence, I can improve my performance and increase its effectiveness through closer interaction and collaboration with professionals working in different fields.

Chinese Birthday Customs of for Elderly People

Chinese Birthday Customs of for Elderly People Traditionally, Chinese people do not pay a lot of attention to birthdays until they are 60 years old. The 60th birthday is regarded as a very important point of life and there is often a big celebration. After that, a birthday celebration is held every ten years; on the 70th, 80th, etc, until the persons death. Generally, the older the person is, the greater the celebration occasion is. Counting the Years The traditional Chinese way to count age is different from the Western way. In China, people take the first day of the Chinese New Year in the lunar calendar as the starting point of a new age. No matter in which month a child is born, he is one year old, and one more year is added to his age as soon as he enters the New Year. So what may puzzle a Westerner is that a child is two years old when he is actually two days or two hours old. This is possible when the child is born on the last day or hour of the past year. Celebrating an Elderly Family Member It is often the grown-up sons and daughters who celebrate their elderly parents birthdays. This  shows their respect and expresses their thanks for what their parents have done for them. According to the traditional customs, the parents are offered foods with happy symbolic implications. On the birthday morning, the father or mother will eat a bowl of long long-life noodles. In China, long noodles symbolize a long life. Eggs are also among the best choices of food taken on a special occasion. To make the occasion grand, other relatives and friends are invited to the celebration. In Chinese culture, 60 years makes a cycle of life and 61 is regarded as the beginning of a new life cycle. When one is 60 years old, he is expected to have a big family filled with children and grandchildren. It is an age to be proud of and celebrated. Traditional Birthday Foods Regardless of the celebrations scale, peaches and noodlesboth signs of long lifeare required. Interestingly, the peaches are not real, they are actually steamed wheaten food with a sweet filling. They are called peaches because they are made in the shape of peaches. When the noodles are cooked, they should not be cut short, as shortened noodles can have a bad implication. Everyone at the celebration eats the two foods to extend their best wishes to the long-life star. The typical birthday presents are usually two or four eggs, long noodles, artificial peaches, tonics, wine and money in red paper.

Auditing and Accouning Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Auditing and Accouning Ethics - Essay Example The audit committee, which performs the audit, plays a very important role in preventing financial reports from being fraudulent. The auditors should be independent members with suitable accounting and financial expertise, to appraise the policies underlying the financial reports and to assess their validity. Auditors should ask pertinent questions to clearly understand every transaction, allegation or investigation that has happened. An audit aims to draw out the essence and truth from every answer and helps to examine the controls and processes, employed by the company, in any complex transaction that may be out of the normal process of controls. The requirement of an annual audit prompts companies to establish an effective compliance programme, which will have anti-fraud controls, to detect fraud, and proper investigation conducted, if fraud is detected. An audit is like a tool that ensures that financial reports would be accurately created and updated, internal control system would be in place and proper reporting and investigation of improper actions would be made. Most corporate fraud cases have originated at the highest managerial level. The multi-billion dollar cases of fraud involving WorldCom, Enron and Tyco International, were all results of the fraudulent activities of the respective chief executives of the companies. Tyco International’s CEO, Dennis Kozlowski, was charged with misappropriating 400 million USD of company money on an extravagant lifestyle and personal expenditure. Similarly, the cofounder and CEO of telecom giant WorldCom, Bernie Ebbers, got convicted for a fraud of 11 billion USD, in 2005. Kenneth Lay, CEO of Enron, was charged with a corporate fraud that ultimately resulted in the collapse of the company. However, in spite of strict laws that have been instituted to prevent huge losses to shareholders, employees and investors, corporate fraud is

Music and Meaning - Tupac Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Music and Meaning - Tupac - Essay Example Then, I will explain why and how the following four songs had a strong impact on my personal life: â€Å"Life Goes On†, â€Å"Keep Ya head Up†, â€Å"California Love† and â€Å"Changes†. A good friend of mine introduced me to the works of Tupac Shakur many years ago and although Tupac has been dead for 15 years, his music is still very important to me. From the beginning I could feel that his songs were authentic. Tupac seemed to turn his personal thoughts and experiences into music, which is the very reason why his songs do not only sound authentic, but truly are authentic as well.Moreover, I was and still am impressed by the variety of topics that are addressed in his various songs. This is another reason why Tupac was and still is very important to me; depending on my mood or my situation there are certain songs that fit my situation. I listen to different songs when I am happy compared to when I am sad or angry and Tupac seems to have the right song for me in every situation. Moreover, Tupac touched on a variety of topics, including racism, tolerance, social and racial equality, violence, conflicts with the law, life in the ghettos, criticism of the â€Å"Americ an Dream† and the love for his Mom, which is another reason why his versatile lyrics are captivating. â€Å"Life Goes On† is one of Tupac’s songs that hit my emotional nerve, more than that, it helped me through a sad period of my life. It is a song about losing loved ones, but while remembering them, life goes on and one has to continue with life, even though it might be hard to do so.

Methods Poets Essay Example for Free

Methods Poets Essay Poets often use their work to express their thoughts, this is what the writers of ‘hour’ and ‘to his coy mistress’ have done to express their thoughts on time and love. In hour the poem is about time and how it is short lived when you are in love, whereas To His Coy Mistress is a poem where the man is trying to convince the woman to sleep with him and exploring the idea of living and enjoying your life whilst you’re young. Within both of these poems, the poets use different types of poetic techniques to show how time can affect the relationship of two lovers. The language used in the two poems is very different but they both show the same prospective of time. In ‘hour’ the language used is very blunt and in ‘to his coy mistress’ the language is more creative and imaginative. This is shown in hour when the poet says, â€Å"time hates love†, whereas in ‘to his coy mistress’ the poet says â€Å"we cannot make our sun stand still†. Both of the poets are trying to say that time is in control and it is very powerful. In ‘hour’ Duffy uses personification and simile; this is shown in, â€Å"love’s time’s beggar†. This suggests to us that time is loves enemy and love is begging time. The word beggar almost makes you feel sorry for love. The poet personifies time as loves enemy. In ‘to his coy mistress’ Marvell uses metaphors. For example, â€Å"Times winged chariot hurrying near†, this suggest to us that death will be near. There are lots of imagery used in the two poems. For example, in ‘hour’ Duffy says, â€Å"but even a single hour bright as a dropped coin, makes love rich†. This suggests to the reader that even one hour with your loved is very precious and should cherish the moment. We also see love being powerful than time for the first time. In â€Å"to his coy mistress† imagery is used in the first section of the poem, when the speaker says â€Å"thou by the Indian Ganges side shouldst rubies find; I by the tide of Humber would complain†. Ganges is thought be to be a sacred place India whereas the Humberside in north of England tend to be boring to Marvell. So this suggests to the reader that He is complimenting her as she is unique to him in a desirable way. She is the only person who fulfils the qualification in his vicinity. The both poets use different form and structure to the poems. In ‘hour’, Duffy only has one type of view which is time is always stopping love. This is followed the whole way through the poem. The first opening says, â€Å"Loves times beggar† and in the last stanza it says â€Å"time hates love â€Å". Duffy uses at the start and at the end to show straight away that time is the enemy of love. By structuring the poem like this, the reader will have the same opinion throughout the poem. Duffy also uses short sentences, â€Å"time slows, for here†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Duffy has added a comma next to â€Å"slows† to show slowness. Some of the sentences in her poem run off, â€Å"summer sky and a grass ditch†, this suggest that she is excited. ‘Hour’ also follows the structure of a Shakespeare sonnet. In ‘to his coy mistress’, Marvell makes his point at the end this is because in the first stanza he talks about what if they had all the time in the world, in the second what would happen if she doesn’t sleep with him. Finally in the third stanza he tells her what she should do. By structuring his poem in that way Marvell shows the lover preparing his argument to his mistress to seize the day and not to hold back. In the first stanza Marvell doesn’t use violent words as he does to the second and third stanzas. Marvell has written the poem in rhyming couplets. Both of the poets show different feelings and attitude. In ‘hour’ the speaker wants a relationship which holds them together and wants nothing else but in ‘to his coy mistress’ the speaker wants a sexual relationship. In ‘hour’ the writer is frustrated with time and love being together. We see this when speaker says, â€Å"time hates love†. It also shows us that the speaker wants a simple kind of love meaning without material possessions, this is shown when the speaker says, â€Å"spend it not on flowers or wine†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In ‘to his coy mistress’ he is cynically flattering his mistress in order to get his own way. This is shows when he says, â€Å"two hundred to adore each breast†. The poem also suggests that the speaker wants a violent love this is shown when the poet says, â€Å"and now, like amorous birds of prey, rather at once our time devour†. Overall both poets have the same prospective of time but have different opinions on relationships. In ‘hour’ the speaker doesn’t want to waste time and wants to cherish every moment by being together. On the other hand ‘to his coy mistress’ wants a sexual relationship. So the speaker says that time is running out for them to have sex and that they do not have all the time in the world. Both of the writers say that time will go fast so don’t waste it. We will also feel time going fast when we are having fun or in love, so we should cherish every minute of our life as it will never come back once it is gone.

Dorian Gray And The Lady Of Shallot: Stepping Out Of The Shadows Essay

During one’s life, one must step out into the real world and experience all of what the world has to offer. In order to attain a well-balanced life both mentally and socially, one may seek any way possible to live life to the fullest. We were put on this earth to live- not just simply by breathing in and out everyday, and making life the best it can possibly be. It has been said that you have not really died if you have lived. This theory has been applied to several pieces of literature. In the book The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde and â€Å"The Lady of Shallot† by Alfred Lord Tennyson, two characters have not lived their life to the fullest extent. In the aforementioned literature, the characters of Sibyl Vane and the Lady of Shallot lived their lives through the invulnerability of constant security. Sibyl Vane is an actress who is greatly devoted to her acting career. She is so consumed by her realm of acting that she does not experience the many other aspects and joys that life has to offer. All her heart, soul, and mind is put into her hobby, as it envelops her entire existence. Sibyl solely depends on this mindset to carry her throughout her life. Leading a life similar to that of Sibyl Vane’s is the Lady of Shallot. In this poem, she is condemned to weaving and forbidden to ever look out of her window down to the wonderful city of Camelot. If she should look down, a terrible curse shall be laid upon her. Both Sibyl Vane and the Lady of Shallot are artists who lead very sheltered lives and have an unfortunate fate ahead of them. Before the story beings, Oscar Wilde describes the effects that art has on a person. He states, â€Å"All art is at once surface and symbol. Those who go beneath the surface do so at their peril. Those who read the symbols do so at their peril. It is the spectator, and not life, that art really mirrors (Wilde 3).† These sheltered lives allow the women to remain in their safe little worlds, apart from what other ways of life the world has to offer. In order for them to lead a less â€Å"curtained† life, they needed to take more chances in hopes of more goodness and reality to welcome into their lives. When speaking to Dorian Gray, Sibyl’s lover, Sibyl admits that her life was consumed by the theatre. She confesses: †¦Before I knew you, acting was the one reality of my life. It was only in the theatre that I lived†¦. I believed in e... ... quite possibly not have been what they were. Experience in dealing with the outside world would have strengthened them to be more independent, stronger people. Furthermore, a broader lesson of these works of literature would be to just get out there and live. Step off the stage, step out of the tower, and hide the mirror. Perhaps take a chance once in a while. Do not just go through the motions of life, and live it to the fullest extent. One can lead a more happy, fearless life if he or she can really go out and experience it. In conclusion, the writings The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde and â€Å"The Lady of Shallot† by Alfred Lord Tennyson convey certain lessons of life. The characters of Sibyl Vane and the Lady of Shallot lived their lives through the sanctity of constant security, and died as a direct result of their shadows. During one’s life, one must step out into the real world and out of the shadows. In order to be balanced both mentally and socially, an individual may pursue any way possible to live life to one’s high expectations. Do not get caught up in life’s shadows. Step out of the darkness and into the light, hoping to not be consumed by the invulnerability

Alternative Media, Youth and Civil Society

BIOGRAPHY OF Dr. Govind Ji Pandey Filmmaker, college professor, social activist Dr. Govind Ji Pandey was born in Varanasi in 1972. Studied at BHU, Varansi and received his doctoral Degree in Journalism from MG Kashi Vidya Peeth, Varanasi. Acted in many films and worked for promotion of Bhojpuri Films in Purvanchal. Dr Pandey taught students of Masters Course at MGKVP before he moved to Delhi as Lecturer (Electronic Media), in MBICEM, a college affiliated to GGSIP University. Here he taught BJ(MC) students for six years. During his stay in Delhi he supervised various small research projects of students.He taught Video and Radio Journalism,Production, and supervised around five hundred audio and audio-visual production of students. Some of the films supervised by him got prize in prestigious film festivals like Jeevika, Vatavaran, Misce-en-scene etc. Dr. Pandey is author of a book ‘Television Journalism and Programme Formats’. At present he is working as a Reader (Mass Com munication) at BB Ambedkar University, Lucknow. He is teaching PG students and guiding research scholars for their Ph. D thesis at BBA University. Alternative Media, Youth and Civil Society Dr. Govind Ji Pandey Associate Professor, Dept. f Mass Comm & Journalism Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Univrsity, Lucknow Email- [email  protected] com Mob. 0919198915357The pen is mightier than the sword, and the alternative media may become mightier than the mainstream media. This is not a mere conjecture the process has already begun. The alternative media has emerged as a key player in promoting the cause of marginalized section of the society, an alternative voice of people and reflecting reality. The neglect of underprivileged and browbeaten by mainstream media, suppression and manipulation of information by government and media industry has posed a evere threat to the right to freedom of speech and expression of the members of global civil society. In the backdrop of the great danger posed by the media and political-economical nexus, a new development has given hope to millions around the world, of reuniting and creating an alternative source of information which is free by all means. The past few decades have shown us the path of creating a multi polar world and the advent of new media will create a world with multiple sources of voices.The information will come from those who are not only consumers of it, but producing it as well. The recent technological developments have reduced the cost of production dramatically. The speed of internet has increased with the development in the data transmission technology. This development has provided in the form of new media, a very strong tool of communication to challenge the monopoly of traditional mainstream media. The alternative media particularly Internet and Community Radio have changed the way we were consuming the media products.Now the consumer is no more a passive receiver of the media content but involved in the pr ocess of collection, selection and dissemination of information. There is a large number of people who believe that media can be used as a tool for social change. The large number of people involved in developing and disseminating information can be a great source of information for hundred and thousands of people all across the world. The information flow can not be stopped by the governments and now it has taken a global shape. Things happening at far of places now started affecting local governments.The recent case of Iran where the Iranian Government stopped the flow of information by putting many journalists behind bars and blocking television and slowing down internet speed could not restrict the flow of information. People used their mobile phones and cameras and put videos and audio of the various acts of Government for viewing and it became instant hit. A global opinion was formed and it affected the Iranian Government as well. It shows the strength of the alternative sourc es of information in shaping the modern world. The present study is an attempt to analyze the time people devote in creating media content.The continuous up gradation of information which has changed the social and economical condition of the consumers, in particular the youth studying in various universities in India.. The objectives of research are : 1)To understand the time youth devote for creating and consuming the media content; 2)to analyze the various tools used for content creation and reception by students; 3)to compare preference given to the medium for the content creation and consumption; 4)to analyze nature and type of content created by the students: 5)to observe social change in student community.The research study aims at highlighting the characteristics of alternative media, civil society, with the help of theoretical discussions and finally the relevance of concepts related with alternative media, civil society and youth have been analyzed through the following re search hypotheses: RH 1) Internet is the most preferred medium among youth. RH2)University students are actively participating in the social campaigns promoted through various social network sites. RH3)The most preferred tool for content generation is mobile phone. RH4)New media has changed information creation and consumption behavior of students.Methodology: For the analysis of above mentioned objectives and hypotheses a sample of 300 PG students of various departments of three universities from Lucknow, UP, India, were selected and their opinion on the various issues were taken. For this purpose an interview schedule was constructed. The students were selected through non-probability sampling method and equal representation was given to male and female students. Civil Society: Jurgen Habermas’ founded the notion of ‘public sphere,’ in which he discussed about a model of rational communication and rational critical debate.While explaining this kind of public sp here he said that, ‘private people come together as a public and they engage the state on various matters of public interest with reasoned argument. ’ As Habermas stressed, the public sphere has been in a permanent state of transformation as underlying social and economical conditions have changed. Though we have many views about civil society but we were not able to provide a single definition of civil society which is unanimously supported by all the scholars. The most recent one given by Mary Kaldor in his essay written in the book Global Civil Society 2007/08 talks about civil society, as the edium through which social contracts or bargain are negotiated between the individual and the centers of political and economic authority. Civil society is a process of management of society that is bottom- up rather than top down, and involves the struggle for emancipatory goals. Till 1989, the definition of civil society was territorially bounded. The concept of civil society was prevalent in some parts of Europe and America. The developments that have started around the world in early part of seventy and continued through eighties and nineties strengthen the democratic movement in Asia, Africa and other parts of the world.It is very clearly stated that to have a vibrant civil society you need established dem ocratic rights of electing public representatives, an independent judiciary and separation of legislative from executive. Media’s Role in a Civil Society The control of media by large business houses who are governed by the state bureaucracies and commercial motives has created an environment where the power has come under one head which is a dangerous sign for a democratic country like India.The UNESCO report on various aspects of communication and society provided eight following functions of mass media; i)dissemination of information ii)socialization iii)motivation iv)promoting debate and discussion on public issues v)education vi)cultura l promotion vii)entertainment and viii)integration. The objective of these functions were to provide complete information to the public so that they can form opinion and participate in the democratic process i. e. debate and discussion which ultimately guarantees their freedom of speech and expression.There is an immense danger to the freedom of speech and expression in the form of control and manipulation of information by state and private media industry. The control of mainstream media has come from various quarters and in variable forms. The fourth pillar of democracy has been hijacked by the various governmental and non-governmental organizations. Main stream media is no more the voice of people and is in a total disconnect of the real India. The mainstream media is serving the interests of minuscule minority and totally neglecting the real issues.If we analyze the issues that have been the centre of debate and discussion on various television channels and in print media we wil l hardly see an issue that is affecting the masses or talking about the marginalized section of the society. The mainstream media is obsessed with the glamour and politics, real developmental issues are vanished from the scene. What is Alternative Media? Michael Albert (2004) attempts to define alternative media in his manifesto, ‘what makes alternative media alternative’? As he writes ‘ An alternative media institution does not maximize profits, does not primarily sell audience to advertisers for revenues, is structured to subvert society’s defining hierarchical social relationships, and is structurally profoundly different from and as independent of other major social institution, particularly corporations, as it can be many segments of civil society are politically motivated communities promoting numerous causes and holding various versions of democracy.John Ehrenberg (1999) â€Å" A democratic sphere of public action that limits the thrust of state pow er. Alternative media enable and encourage empowerment and leanring outcomes may take place in either formal or informal education settings. UNESCO report on alternative media says: ‘ These are the kinds of consciously political and social demands by groups for whom alternative communication is but another facet of their need to contest hegemonic structures and forms to create an new social and cultural reality for themselves. (UNESCO, 1993,p. 16) Advent and Type of Alternative Media The monopoly of information control and ownership by the government, political and economic elites given them a lot of power to manipulate information.The newspapers and television channels have been driven by the commercial motives and the news about the poor and the marginalized were shifted to the inner pages. The global civil society felt a need of having alternative media which can connect with the rural, is committed to the poor and the oppressed and report the truth. The alternative media w as present during the media boom but did not take proper shape. Just after the internet revolution now, it came in to prominence. Some of the alternative media that have created and posted great challenge to mainstream media are following: 1)Interne Newspaper 2)Blogs 3)Social Networking websites )Mobile phones and Pager services 5)Independent documentary/Video filmmakers 6)Community Radio 7)Visual Radio 8)Ham operators 9)Small Newspapers and Magazines 10)Newsletters, brochures, handbills, pamphlets, posters, etc The development of alternative media gave ordinary citizens power to publish articles, upload videos and display photographs. It gave birth to a new kind of journalism which is public journalism. In this type of journalism public is producer, editor, reporter and consumers of the content. It has reduced the gate keeping authority of the traditional media. Role of Alternative Media 1)An alternative voice of people:It has a great role to play in shaping up a global civil socie ty and free world. With the advent of internet and use of advance technology in mobile telephone industry the local issues have all the potential to become global that to within a very little time. The recent experience of the governments of China and Iran attempting to control the internet has led to a strong underground movement. The authorities blocked the flow of information by putting journalists in jail and tried to stifle the flow of information but the internet gave people the much needed voice and forum which is hard to contain by the governments. )A forum for marginalized section of the society: The main stream media is catering to the need of affluent in the society. The marginalized section of society is hardly finding place in the main stream media. The voice and problems of the socially weaker class is unreported and unrepresented. Here alternative media can play an important role in highlighting the problems of poor and marginalized communities. The small community ne wspapers, community radio, television broadcast blogs, posters etc. can help the people overcome neglect by mainstream media to highlight the atrocities, faults in bureaucratic and other institutional setup.Marie Trigona, in his book â€Å"Argentina's Community Media Fights for Access and Legal Reform†, she explores Argentine groups that have emerged to produce alternative and independent media for television, radio and video in an effort to counter lack of access to marginalized communities in mass media. 3)Global public sphere: The world is shrinking and the nation state boundaries have disappeared in the contemporary societies. Any issue that is related with a particular country might become global within no time, curtsy new media. This is not merely a hypothesis but global reality.One of the biggest examples is â€Å"Batti Band Campaign†, such was the impact of this campaign that through out the world people came out in support of it and now it is a global phenomen on. And this is not the only example of this type there are many examples where global opinion was generated in support of many campaigns and world governments were forced to accept global opinion. This is how new technologies have reinvigorated a sense of transnational public sphere and strengthened global civil organizations movements and provided platform for sub cultural groups and common man. )Free expression and social activism: Alternative media is playing an important role in social learning process by providing easily accessible content to common man. In many developing and developed countries it is working as agents of social change. Denis Mc Quails in his democratic media participant theory suggests that media content should not be controlled by the Government Institutions and political organizations. Members of Civil Society should have their own media and it must promote the interest of common man.This can be achieved only when we have multiple sources of information an d communication where one can easily access and disseminate information. Recently in India, a controversy involving a union minister and a commissioner of a government body, started off from a social network site twitter, and within no time public opinion was formed. The public opinion was so strong that government accepted resignation of minister and the commissioner was forced to step-down. This shows the strength of the new media and the public opinion generated through it.Now no government can neglect opinion of civil society. Alternative Media and Youth No country can deny the importance of youth in nation building process. The involvement and participation of youth in decision making process not only strengthen the democratic process but also contributes to their personal development. In India, almost 55% population comes under this category who is also frequent users of new media technologies. The world’s youth population, Ages 15to 24, will become more and more concen trated in Africa and Asia.By 2050, the number of youth will have risen from just under a half billion in 1950 to 1. 2 billion. According to a recent study done by the Internet ; Mobile Association of India (IAMAI), there are 471 million mobile phone subscribers, out of which 127 million have their own Internet ready mobile device. But of these 127 million users who have mobile phones with Internet capability, only 12 million have used the Internet on their devices and the number of active mobile Internet users is just 2 million.But â€Å"industry experts† quoted on Business Standard claim that there are over 500 million mobile phone subscribers and due to the decline in prices of Internet-enabled handsets, there are about 10 million mobile phone Internet surfers, much more than the 2 million reported by the IAMAI. This shows the potential of this media and those who are using it are mainly youth in all parts of the world. Not only this, the change brought in by the technology has given youth many different tools for content generation.One of the most important tolls is mobile phone which is used for video, audio, still photo recording and putting them on internet using various social network sites like twitter, U tube, face book etc. The information reaches to millions of users across the globe and global opinion is generated on various issues of public interest. In Indian universities, youth devote a lot of time for content generation and dissemination. In the study conducted in three universities of India following conclusions were drawn: Table 1 Time devoted for internet surfing 0-1 hour1-2 hour2-3 hour3-4 hourMore than 4 hourMale1832602515 Female2654401515 Total44861004030 Surveys conducted in several countries in the world show that the internet addiction in on rise. In China the number of young Internet addicts had soared to 24 million by 2009, almost double the figure for 2005, It is very much evident from the data that youth particularly in the Indian university have been devoting a lot of time in content generation and dissemination on internet. Overall, 71 million users accessed Internet in year 2009, with 52 Million â€Å"active† users who accessed it atleast once in a month.If we look at global users on internet India is on 4th position but it may change very soon the moment it will reach to the rural population of the India. PositionCountryInternet Users Million 1USA220 2CHINA210 3JAPAN88. 1 4INDIA81 5BRAZIL53 ( Source: Internet ; Mobile Association of India(IAMAI) and IMRB. ) In India the growth of internet is mainly in urban centers and school ; college students itself contribute to more than 44% of all Internet usage that happens in India – Overall 72% of young people access Internet on regular basis. Table 2 Most popular tool for content generation Video cameraRecorderStill ameraMobile phone Male1068126 Female446136 Total141014262 Mobile is the most popular medium for content generation. Not only is that mobile a very popular mode of internet surfing among youth in India but the trend is more or less same across the globe. The Opera Mini, most widely downloaded mobile application has released the number of Mobile Internet usage.The report is quite significant in terms of mobile internet usage in the world. Following are the top 05 countries in Opera Mini Usage: 1. Russia 2. Indonesia 3. India 4. China 5. Ukraine ( Source: Internet ; Mobile Association of India(IAMAI) and IMRB. Table 3 Most preferred medium for news and entertainment TVRadioNewspaperInternetFilm Male2515207515 Female2636245410 Total51514412925 The information and communication behavior of the students have shown significant change in regard to the medium they use for news and entertainment. In a research study conducted by World Association of Newspapers (WNA) on Decoding Youth as News ; Information Consumers found that young people are spending less time with traditional media and more with new media. Same is t he conclusion drawn in the data mentioned in the table three. Young participants said that usage of new media (i. e. , computers, mobile phones, the internet, and MP3 players) is increasingly taking up time participants would have spent with traditional media, though this time is obviously restricted in countries where the digital divide remains a strong barrier. Despite this, many participants say they would like to spend more time with newspapers and other traditional sources of information. Contrary to stereotype, many young participants remained respectful of traditional information sources and few dismiss them as obsolete. † (Source: World Association of Newspapers)Table 4 University students are actively participating in campaigns promoted through social network websites YesNo Male9555 Female46104 Total141159 The data shown above clearly indicating that youth is engaged in social reformation with the help of alternative media. Social Networking Sites (SNS) are young peop le? s spaces – and engaging with young people here is meeting young people where they are at. The recent example of Batti Band Campaign that got momentum through the SNS is one of the many examples where young ones created awareness and it is now a well established campaign.There are many other cases in India which generated and garnered a lot of public response and support through social networking sites. Ruchika Girihotra, Jessica Lal, Nitish katara, etc. are some of the cases that are highlighted through these websites and ultimately proved to be a very strong campaign which generated a huge support for victim’s family and put pressure on the state authorities to act for justice. Table 5 Do you think alternative media has changed your information and entertainment behavior YesNo Male12624 Female13020 Total25644Youth information behavior is a complex process of interplays among various factors, such as young people’s cognitive status, identity formation and va lue negotiation, and social interaction within a context. Here the data indicates that youth in India has significantly changed their information and entertainment behavior. More than 85 % of the samples were of the opinion that they have witnessed significant change in their media content consumption. The new media has taken over from the traditional media which includes radio and television.On the basis of the analysis of data collected with the help of interview schedule the following conclusions can be drawn: 1)Youth in India is spending a lot of time using internet and other alternative means of communication. The main stream media will have a tough competition in the form of alternative media. 2)Internet is the most popular medium among youth and mobile phones are the most preferred medium for content generation and uploading of data. 3)Social networking sites have become a very important platform for common man.The social issues raised with the help of the social networking s ites are getting good response from the netizens and global public opinion is very easily formed. 4)The global civil society has found a new and alternative platform for raising their voices. Alternative means of communication have become a very strong tool to form global opinion. Now the local governments are finding it difficult to stop the flow of information. 5)The world is now fast becoming multi polar and multiple sources of communication in the form of small and alternative media have given a strong platform to the marginalized communities and socially deprived class. )It is very much evident from this study that mobile phone is the most popular medium for content generation and dissemination of information among youth in India. They upload data to various social networking sites and actively participating in the social campaigns promoted through it.Reference: 1)Kaldor Mary, Global Civil Society, 2007/08 2)Tufte Thomas, Youth engaging with the World: Media, Communication and Social Change, The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media’s Yearbook 2009. 3)The Hindu, Role of Alternative Media Stressed, 2010. )TOI, Friday, June19, 2009, Editorial. 5)Trigona Marie’ Alternative media is alive and well all over Latin America. (Argentina), 2009. 6)Casey Bernadette and others, Key Concepts in Television Studies, Routledge, Newyork. 7)Rayner philip, Media Studies, Routledge, Newyork. 8)Branston Gill, The Media Students’ Book, Routledge, Newyork. 9)Waisanen Don J, A citizen’s guide to democracy inaction, Southern Communication Journal, Volume 74/Number 2/April-June 2009 10) world population data sheet 2009. 134 Million 11% Asia/ Pacific

Challenges Of World Health Organization Health And Social Care Essay

World Health Organization ( WHO ) is an organisation that established by the United Nations in 1945. An thought about set uping WHO was from former wellness organisations such as Health Organization of the League of Nations. One twelvemonth subsequently in 22 July 1946, the fundamental law of the WHO had been signed by all 61 states of the UN, with the first meeting of the World Health Assembly completing on 24 April 1948. The Fundamental law of WHO came into force on 7 April 1948- a day of the month we now celebrate every twelvemonth as World Health Day. Until now, WHO has been responsible for catching diseases, in peculiar, malaria and TB, and besides HIV/AIDS which we ‘re traveling to speak about in this paper. The chief variety meats of WHO are the World Health Assembly, the Executive Board, and the secretariat, headed by a director-general. Harmonizing to WHO ( 2012 ) , the World Health Assembly has more than 190 provinces as the members. Each member has one ballot in policies of the organisation, budgetary, administrative, and similar inquiries. By two tierce of the ballot, the assembly may make up one's mind the determination or understanding. The assembly holds the meeting yearly in May at Geneva. The executive board has 32 members. Each 32 members of the board are elected by the World Health Assembly for the three old ages term. Board members serve as persons and non as representatives of their authoritiess. They meet twice a twelvemonth. The secretariat consists of the proficient and administrative forces of the organisation. It is headed by a manager general, chosen by the World Health Assembly. The WHO ‘s most of import intent which listed in The Constitution of WHO ( 1946 ) is â€Å" the enjoyment of the highest come-at-able criterion of wellness is one of the cardinal rights of every human being without differentiation of race, faith, political, belief, economic or societal status † . In order to accomplish this intent the promotive schemes are needed. Investing in wellness to cut down poorness, constructing single and planetary wellness security, advancing cosmopolitan coverage, gender equality, and wellness related human rights, undertaking the determiners of wellness, and beef uping wellness systems and just entree are the illustrations of those schemes. There are many maps of WHO. First, WHO provide leading on the wellness job and engage in the partnership where WHO attend action. When one state has a wellness job, WHO is the caput for seeking the solutions for that state. Second, WHO organizes the research docket which make the people understand and remain watchful about wellness issue and transmit of the valuable information and cognition about the wellness to every state. Third, WHO set up the norm, standard and advance their execution. Fourth, WHO provides proficient support and counsel. Fifth, WHO dominates the wellness state of affairs on the universe and reference wellness tendency. Until now we could see through brief debut of what is WHO. By this, we realize WHO is n't merely bing for nil. Indeed, WHO is one of the most effectual organisations in forestalling the spread of HIV/AIDS. Furthermore we will discourse about what is HIV/AIDS? What WHO do when HIV/AIDS occur in one state? Is at that place any different positions about WHO ‘s work in AIDS?II- History of HIV/AIDSAIDS ( Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ) is one of the most fatal unwellnesss in the universe, which causes by HIV I ( Human Immunodeficiency Viruses ) , have been killing million of victims all over the universe merely over 30 old ages ago. AIDS does n't infect by merely holding sex ( unwritten, vaginal, or anal ) , but besides sharing blood, sharing needle ( drug utilizing, tattoo, piercingsaˆÂ ¦ ) ; infecting from ma, who got AIDS to the fetal. It kills victims by weaken down immune system in a complication manner. So where does AIDS come from? When and how it become the scarie st unwellness? It ‘s believed that AIDS was originated in Africa. In the early yeas HIV was an unknown and feared virus that menace and scare people about its fatal. After a movie star Rock Hudson died in October/2nd/1985, piano player Liberane died in February/4th/1987, and other more celebrated people died, the unwellness started to known by people. HIV emerged in the late twentieth century. In the sixtiess and 1970s, AIDs was appeared by infecting from Pan troglodytes to worlds in Africa. A 1998 analysis suggested that HIV-1 was occurred in 1960s in West Africa. In 1981 is the distributing AIDS syndrome. There were two ways, Kaposi ‘s sarcoma and pneumonia ( PCP ) gay homosexual in New York City. In 1982 is the syndrome was created as AIDS ( Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ) . In 1983, World Health Organization ( WHO ) took action in France and US. In 1986 in UK AIDS was called as HIV ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus ) . In add-on, AZT ( azidothymidine or Retrovir ) anti-HIV drug w as found. Mandal said ( n.d. ) â€Å" In 2000 ‘s, by 2000,34.3 million instances of HIV worldwide, with largest figure in South Africa, were estimated. HIV vaccinum tests began in Oxford in 2000. In 2003 in Swaziland and Botswana in Southern Africa, about 40 % of grownups HIV+ AIDS vaccinum failed, Enfuviride a new drug called merger in hibitor was approved in the USA. In 2005 drug companies and shapers agreed to do available cheaper generic anti-viral drug. † Over 30 old ages AIDS has killed 1000000s of people, left many orphanhoods. Though WHO and all authoritiess around the universe have tried a remedy for this unwellness, there has n't had any medical specialty to bring around this syndrome yet. In order to diminish this AIDS syndrome, people should good aware about how to forestall and protect themselves from this fatal unwellness.III- The Challenges of World Health Organization in AIDS planThe WHO is regarded as one of the taking organisations in forestalling and halting AIDS and they are besides praised for their committedness and scheme. The run is concentrating on zero new HIV infection, zero deceases from AIDS related unwellnesss and zero favoritism against people populating with HIV/AIDS ( WHO, 2011 ) .However, there are ever the obstruction that or issues that they have been confronting since the beginning of their spreading of HIV bar plana. Education and CommunicationThe WHO plan against AIDS focal point on Lashkar-e-Taiba pe ople to cognize HIV/AIDS and how to forestall it. However, Knowledge of AIDS is limited to some states that are low in instruction, wellness, and communicating. Those people that live there were really vulnerable to the disease and easy infected to other people. Hence, when UNTAC arrive in 1992 Cambodia to reconstruct peace, they besides carried AIDS that was distributing throughout Cambodia. During that clip Cambodia was in the procedure of stoping the ongoing civil wars that have lasted for decennaries. The Kampuchean was comparatively incognizant of this deathly epidemic. Harmonizing to WHO, by 1995 there were between 50,000 and 90,000 Cambodians infected by HIV. The grounds why it expanded so fast were the deficiency of cognition of Aids, how lifelessly it was, and how it infected from individual to individual.B. Stigma and DiscriminationThe Secretary General Ban Ki Moon says: â€Å" Sigma remains the individual most of import barrier to public action. it is a chief ground why excessively many people are afraid to see a physician whether they have the disease or to seek intervention if so. It helps do AIDS the soundless slayer, because people fear the societal shame of talking about it, or taking easy available safeguard. Stigma is a main ground why the AIDS epidemic continues to lay waste to societies around the universe. † Because HIV/AIDS is unsafe disease that has killed 1000000s of people around the universe and so people view to it ever in strong manner. Peoples that infected ever find themselves isolated from the society because they merely seem to experience ashamed and fright of favoritism from their household and society. The WHO believes that the bar and decrease of HIV will alter the attitude of people ‘s discriminate toward the people populating HIV.c. Religious BeliefBecause of the primary spreading AIDS through sexual intercourse, The WHO has recommended the people all over to utilize the rubbers in order to protect them from AIDS infecting. Nevertheless, The Roman-Catholic church has been opposing thought of utilizing the rubber through their spiritual belief as the act of wickedness. Pope Benedict XVI said on a trip to see Africa in 2009 claims that by utilizing rubbers it could do the AIDS issue in Africa become much worse. His statement besides made the other Catholic in other st ates believer condemned the thought of utilizing rubber although some of them live in the development states and understand how lifelessly the disease is. The World Health Assembly President, Guyana ‘s Health Minister Leslie Ramsammy disapproved of the Catholic Pope position and regarded as the act of distributing confusion in Africa where it badly suffered from the AIDS epidemic. She stated â€Å" The statement by the Pope is inconsistent with our experiences and it is non in sync with what Catholics have experienced and believe. † The bottom line is the WHO is fighting to convert and urge the manner that people can avoid and cognize how to protect them from Aids, but the WHO can non implement people to make it.IV- Case Study1: CambodiaHIV/AIDS is epidemic in Cambodia unusually. After the instance of HIV was found in Cambodia in 1991, predominating of infection increased extremely of 2 per centum in 1998. In general population, the prevailing decreased to 0.5 per centu m in 2009. Between 2003 and 2005 the statistics of infective HIV among Kampuchean grownups aged 15-49 was low down from 2 per centum to 1.6 per centum. 63000 people were populating with HIV in Cambodia in 2011. The infection of epidemic HIV is spread through by heterosexual transmittal, sex trade, shooting drug user and so on. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Cambodia is among the highest in Asia. Even though Cambodia is one of the poorest states in the universe ; HIV bar and control attempt made by Royal Government and Organizations have helped to cut down the spread of HIV. The Cambodia ‘s authorities fined methods, in order to cut down the spread of HIV. The authorities implement on human trafficking and sexual development. In the execution, constabularies find the location such as whorehouses, in order to caught and steer the sex worker and notably the sex workers who do the sex trade on streets, bars, and informal karaoke. Furthermore, the voluntary plans about learning HIV/ AIDS instruction can besides forestall HIV. In order to do the Kampuchean citizen know profoundly about HIV, voluntary squad convey up the issue that related to HIV/AIDS to steer about how to forestall from this rough diseases in schoolroom or communities. Furthermore, they try to maintain future coevals safe from this disease. In that, WHO took action with ministry of wellness of Cambodia to cut down the spread of HIV. The ministry of wellness of Cambodia with WHO support, established the Nation AIDS plan ( NAP ) . The purpose of NAP from 1991-1994 is to denote the consciousness and to advance the utilizing of rubber among the both gender. In order to protect citizen from this deathly disease, they have to cognize how to utilize condom decently. Furthermore, ministry of wellness of Cambodia generated the plans that related to the apprehension and counsel of HIV by many medias such as Television, wirelesss, proclamation and so on.V- Case Study2: SwazilandIn Swaziland, a little landl ocked state in Southern Africa, it has the highest HIV prevalence in the universe, which accounted for 33.4 % of entire population in 2006 ( USAIDS Repot ) . Aids had spread over the state and led to the Aids catastrophe state around 25 old ages. Since, the first instance of study in1986, Swaziland authorities and WHO work to supply information and instruction on HIV ; promote rubber usage ; pull off the spread of sexually transmitted infections and many policy in order to forestall Aids, but â€Å" In 1992 the prevalence is merely 3.9 % , but in 2007 it increase to 39.2 % † ( USAIDS study ) . Even the authorities and many international organisation had tried to forestall and halt the spread of AIDs, it seem can non command good. â€Å" In 2009 the entire population is 1,200,000 and the people populating with Aids is180,000 ; The adult females age above 15 old ages old life with HIV is 100,000 ; kids 14,000 and Adult 25.9 % , and AIDs deaths 7,000 † ( Population Refere nce BureauA & A ; A UNAIDS ) . It is still worse if comparison to adjacent states Harmonizing to UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibe presented study in February 2010 when visited Swaziland â€Å" A study gauging that 3 in every 100 people in Swaziland will be infected with HIV every twelvemonth taking to an expected 18,000 new infections each twelvemonth by 2012. † Now in Swaziland, there are 2 chief go oning models supported by The National Emergency Response Council on HIV/AIDS ( NERCHA ) together with UNAIDS. One Strategic Framework and One Monitoring and Evaluation Framework with the full name is National Strategic Framework on HIV and AIDS ( NSF ) 2009-2014 and The National HIV and AIDS Monitoring and Evaluation Framework 2009-2014, aligned and work together. It realize that these models impact consequence such as: Better the Swaziland Human Development Index from 0.542 reported in 2008 to 0.55 in 2014 ; Reducing Swaziland incidence rate of HIV from 2.9 in 2008 to 2.3 % in 2014 ; Increased life anticipation from 40.2 old ages in 2008 to 44 old ages in 2014 ; Increase the per centum of families with vulnerable persons that are able to get by with the impact of HIV from 72 % in 2008 to 80 % in 2014 ; Increase the per centum of vulnerable persons that report that all the services they receive were relevant, seasonably, and comprehensive and o f good quality to 70 % in 2014 ; And increase the per centum of mid-term and terminal of NSF service coverage marks ( end product degree ) that have been met in the countries of HIV bar, intervention attention and support and impact extenuation has increase to 80 % by terminal of NSF in 2014. The World Health Organization ( WHO ) play an of import function recommended collaborative TB/HIV activities as portion of nucleus HIV and TB ( Tuberculosis ) bar, attention and intervention services. WHOs ‘ action included intercessions that cut down the morbidity and mortality from TB in people populating with HIV. WHO is besides a usher for Swaziland, Harmonizing to WHO guidelines, all co-infected patients should be started on ART ( Antiretroviral Therapy ) every bit shortly as they can digest TB intervention. Although advancement has been made with respects to intervention and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission ( PMTCT ) , poorness, gender inequality and harmful cultural patterns continue to lend to a high hazard of HIV infection among the general population. There is still an pressing demand for effectual bar enterprises, including a greater focal point on bettering entree to HIV proving installations. The highly high rate ofA TB ( TB ) A co-infection with HIV is besides a major concern and the chief cause of mortality in the state. Swaziland ‘s King has been criticized for his â€Å" blazing neglect † for the factors lending to the AIDS epidemic in his state and populating a munificent life style, while his state is in such a desperate state of affairs. When the King chartered a plane to take his 13 married womans on an international shopping trip in 2008, 100s of Swazi adult females protested, shouting â€Å" we need to maintain that money for ARVs! † Swaziland, even the WHO, USAIDS and the authorities created policy and good practicing, but as you can see the statistic in paragraph 3, Swaziland has more things to travel and more things to reform in order to accomplish the end.VI- DecisionTo sum up, many people think WHO is working for several things but non truly making their work. Yet our paper provinces that WHO is a powerful histrion of halting and blockading HIV/AIDS to be expanded by directing specializer to corporate with authorities, steering the manner to assist people populating with HIV, making learning plan for local nurse, supplying assistance to assist authorities, describing about AIDS yearly. Besides, WHO corporate really good with UNAIDS who is act the most in prevent AIDS. Indeed, WHO besides has things to be fixed. Lack of instruction, favoritism and spiritual belief are those jobs to be fixed. These jobs should be solved. It would n't be an easy undertaking for WHO but if WHO endure it, it will be a measure for WHO to travel frontward. Overall, WHO is truly making difficult and effectual work approximately AIDS around the universe.MentionsAFP. ( 2009, March 23 ) . Pope Decries Clouds of Evil. The Witness. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.witness.com.za Avert ( N.A. ) . HIV and AIDS in Swaziland Retrieved November 20, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.avert.org/aids-swaziland.htm Bradshaw, S. ( 2003, October 9 ) . Vatican: Condoms Do n't Stop Aids. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.guardian.co.uk Crochet, S. ( 1997 ) . Le Cambodge. Paris: Karthala. Global Service Corps ( N.A. ) . Volunteer plan in Cambodia in Asia. Retrieved November 30. 2012 from www.globalservicecorps.org/site/cambodia-hiv-prevention/ Mandal, A. ( N.A. ) . History of AIDS, News-Medical, Retrieved November 28, 2012, from www.news-medical.net/health/History-of-AIDS.aspx Sidibe , M. ( 26 February, 2010 ) . The Impact of Science and Innovation in HIV and AIDS. Retrieved November 20, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/dataimport/pub/speechexd/2010/20100226_sp_sidibe_vancouver_en.pdf Timess, T. W. ( 2008, August 6 ) . BAN KI-MOON: The Stigma Factor. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.washingtontimes.com UNAIDS ( 2012, March ) . Regions & A ; states: States: Swaziland. Retrieve November 21, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/swaziland/ UNAIDS ( 2012 ) . Swaziland state study on supervising the political declaration on HIV and AIDS. Retrieved November 20, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unaids.org/en/dataanalysis/knowyourresponse/countryprogressreports/2012countries/ce_SZ_Narrative_Report % 5B1 % 5D.pdf Vesperini, H. ( 2000, November 30 ) . Cambodia ‘s Aids Struggle. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.com.uk World Health Organization ( WHO ) ( 2012 ) . Countries. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int WHO ( 2012 ) . Governance. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int WHO ( 2011 ) . hiv/aids 2011-2015. Retrieved November 27, 2012 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int WHO ( 1946 ) . The fundamental law of WHO. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from hypertext transfer protocol: //ww.who.int WHO ( 2003 ) . The WHO Strategy: Treating 3 Million by 2005: Making It Happen. Retrieved November 27, 2012 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int

1984 comparative Essay

1984 comparative Essay 1984 Comparative EssayIn 1984, the main character is Winston Smith. He lives in Airstrip One also known as England in the states of Oceania. The world has been divided in to three states such as this: Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia. There is no trust or love in this world, and the government, known as Big Brother is always watching you for signs of thought crime. If you dislike Big Brother even in a few seconds you neighbor, your children, or your wife could turn you in. In Winston world even the telescreens watch you in every second of every day. In Airstrip One and all of Oceania, feelings are seen as evil, distracting and just plain bad. You are not allowed to love one person or over another, but see everyone equally. Everyone is comrade: comrade Syme, comrade parsons and comrade Smith. You are not allowed to enjoy sex, either.Fictitious map, illustrating the political landsca...In fact, in girl's schools, they teach the women that should refer sex as "doing their duty to the Party " and other such drivel. And as for men if enjoy sex or wake up the sexual pleasure in women, they had just committed a crime. In the story, Winston has fall in love with Julia, but they get careless and get caught. In The Giver, Jonas was about to turn 12 years old, each child who turn 12 will be assigned to a different job. Jonas was chosen to be a Receiver of Memory.